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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(6): e0050, 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1351860

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A íris é responsável pela cor dos olhos. Ela ainda realiza o controle da quantidade de luz que penetra no olho pela pupila. Variações nos genes de cada indivíduo, além da quantidade e da qualidade de melanina na íris, determinam a cor dos olhos. A heterocromia é caracterizada por diferenças na coloração da íris de um mesmo indivíduo, sendo, na maioria das vezes, benigna. Existem basicamente três tipos de heterocromia de íris: central, setorial e completa. A heterocromia de íris pode ter como causa alterações genéticas e congênitas, relacionadas ou não a síndromes específicas, como a de Sturge-Weber, a de Waardenburg, a de Parry-Romberg e a de Horner congênita. Há também causas adquiridas, como doenças ou lesões, trauma ocular e corpos estranhos intraoculares, uso de certas medicações tópicas, siderose ocular, irites ou uveítes como a síndrome uveítica de Fuchs, dentre outras. Diante de um paciente com heterocromia de íris, deve-se entender o contexto e o curso clínico desse sinal, pois pode se tratar de uma alteração de pigmentação benigna ou existir uma doença base em curso, que requer terapêutica específica. Este artigo de revisão de literatura visa abordar as principais etiologias relacionadas à heterocromia de íris, além de discorrer sobre a anatomia e a fisiologia da coloração iridiana e sobre a fisiopatologia de suas possíveis alterações.


ABSTRACT The iris is responsible for eye color and controls the amount of light that enters the eye through the pupil. Variation in each individual's genes, besides the quantity and quality of melanin in the iris, determine eye color. Heterochromia is characterized by different colors of irises in the same individual, and it is benign in most cases. There are basically three types of heterochromia: central, partial and complete. Heterochromia can be caused by genetic and congenital alterations, which may or may not be related to specific conditions, such as Sturge-Weber syndrome, Waardenburg syndrome, Parry-Romberg syndrome and congenital Horner syndrome. It may be associated to acquired causes like diseases or injuries, such as eye trauma and intraocular foreign bodies, use of some topical medications, ocular siderosis, iritis or uveitis, such as Fuchs´ uveitis, among others. When assessing a patient with heterochromia, one must understand the context and clinical course of this signal, since it may be a benign pigmentation disorder or there may be an underlying disease, which requires specific therapy. This literature review article was set out to address the main etiologies related to heterochromia, in addition to describing the anatomy and physiology of the iris color and the pathophysiology of possible alterations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pigment Epithelium of Eye/abnormalities , Pigmentation Disorders/etiology , Iris Diseases/etiology , Pigmentation Disorders/genetics , Prostaglandins F, Synthetic/adverse effects , Waardenburg Syndrome/complications , Eye Color , Sturge-Weber Syndrome/complications , Iridocyclitis/complications , Eye Foreign Bodies/complications , Horner Syndrome/complications , Iris/abnormalities , Nevus of Ota/complications , Iris Diseases/genetics , Melanoma/complications
2.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2010 Jan; 58(1): 11-19
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-136009

ABSTRACT

Uveitis is composed of a diverse group of disease entities, which in total has been estimated to cause approximately 10% of blindness. Uveitis is broadly classified into anterior, intermediate, posterior and panuveitis based on the anatomical involvement of the eye. Anterior uveitis is, however, the commonest form of uveitis with varying incidences reported in worldwide literature. Anterior uveitis can be very benign to present with but often can lead to severe morbidity if not treated appropriately. The present article will assist ophthalmologists in accurately diagnosing anterior uveitis, improving the quality of care rendered to patients with anterior uveitis, minimizing the adverse effects of anterior uveitis, developing a decision-making strategy for management of patients at risk of permanent visual loss from anterior uveitis, informing and educating patients and other healthcare practitioners about the visual complications, risk factors, and treatment options associated with anterior uveitis.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Juvenile/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Fluorescein Angiography/methods , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Iridocyclitis/complications , Lenses, Intraocular/adverse effects , Microscopy, Acoustic/methods , Prognosis , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Uveitis, Anterior/diagnosis , Uveitis, Anterior/etiology , Uveitis, Anterior/therapy
3.
J Postgrad Med ; 1998 Jul-Sep; 44(3): 76-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-115930

ABSTRACT

A patient with pre-existing bilateral tonic pupils presented with simultaneous bilateral glaucomatocyclitic crisis. Deep tendon reflexes were absent although they were documented to be present 6 years ago. A possibility of a progressive autonomic dysfunction in both these conditions is discussed.


Subject(s)
Adie Syndrome/complications , Aged , Female , Humans , Iridocyclitis/complications , Ocular Hypertension/complications
5.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 54(11): 857-61, nov. 1995. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-280022

ABSTRACT

Estudo de um caso de oftalmia simpática pós-vitrectomia via pars plana, cujo quadro clínico no olho simpatizante caracterizou-se por iridociclite näo granulamatosa, turvaçäo vítrea, hiperemia do disco óptico e descolamento seroso de retina. O período de latência entre a vitrectomia e o início dos sintomas foi de 70 dias. Apresentamos, no presente caso, aspectos terapêuticos abordando a necessidade do uso de drogas imunossupressoras. Trata-se do primeiro caso, de nosso conhecimento, de oftalmia simpática pós-vitrectomia via pars plana relatado na literatura nacional


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Iridocyclitis/complications , Iridocyclitis/immunology , Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/surgery , Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/diagnosis , Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/pathology , Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/therapy
6.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 52(5): 31-9, out. 1993. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-280078

ABSTRACT

Quatorze pacientes com artrite reumatóide juvenil e iridociclite crônica foram acompanhados ao longo de 13 anos. As características clínicas da doença ocular e suas complicaçöes, os achados laboratoriais, as formas de tratamento clínico e cirúrgico e o desfecho visual foram analisados. Os diversos fatores de risco do acometimento ocular na artrite reumatóide juvenil foram revistos e discutidos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Arthritis, Juvenile/complications , Arthritis, Juvenile/therapy , Iridocyclitis/complications , Uveitis, Anterior/therapy , Visual Acuity
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